MULTIPLE CHOICERefer to the exhibit, which shows the output of get router info bgp summary.Which two statements are true? (Choose two.)
Answer(s): A,C
The get router info bgp summary output lists BGP neighbor status:Prefix Reception: The 'State/PfxRcd' column shows the number of prefixes received from the neighbor---neighbor 100.64.1.254 has '1', confirming option A.Received Message Count: Under 'MsgRcvd', 18 packets have been received from neighbor 100.64.1.254. This matches option C.The second neighbor 100.64.2.254 is in 'Active' state and has received/sent 0 packets, indicating that its TCP connection is NOT established, disproving option B.There is no indication anywhere that the router is 'still calculating' prefixes; 'Active' just means no session is established, so option D is incorrect.FortiOS BGP Command Reference: BGP Neighbor States, PfxRcd, and Counters
Which exchange lakes care of DoS protection in IKEv2?
Answer(s): C
TheIKE_SA_INITexchange in IKEv2 is responsible for DoS protection measures. During IKE_SA_INIT, before authentication and further exchange, the responder can use cookie challenges (per RFC 7296 and Fortinet VPN documentation). If a DoS attack is suspected (many requests from the same source), the responder replies with a cookie. Only after the initiator returns the correct cookie does the exchange proceed, protecting the responder from state exhaustion and certain forms of DoS traffic at the handshake stage.FortiOS VPN Manual: IKEv2 Exchange Process and DoS ProtectionsIKEv2 RFC 7296: Description of IKE_SA_INIT and DoS Cookie Mechanism
MULTIPLE CHOICERefer to the exhibit, which shows a partial output of the fssod daemon real-time debug command.What two conclusions can you draw from the output? (Choose two.)
Answer(s): A,D
https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Troubleshooting-Tip-How-to-troubleshoot-FSSO-age-tless-polling/ta-p/214349From the snippet we can see that FortiGate (via the fssod daemon) is directly detecting the user logon rather than relying on a separate ''collector'' or ''DC agent.'' This indicates agentless polling---FortiGate polls the DC's event logs over TCP 445 to discover logons. So: - FSSO is using agentless polling mode to detect logon events -In agentless mode, FortiGate will periodically poll the same IP (the DC) on port 445 to see if the user is still logged on
Your organization is deploying a multi-region SD-WAN topology with two hub sites in different geographic locations and 50 branch offices. You want to minimize WAN bandwidth consumption while maintaining sub-second failover capabilities if one hub becomes unavailable. Which combination of technologies should you implement to achieve this objective?
Answer(s): A
ADVPN 2.0 with dual-hub topology and EBGP on loopback interfaces is the correct modern approach for large multi-region deployments. ADVPN 2.0 addresses ADVPN 1.0 challenges by enabling efficient shortcut negotiation between branches without hub traversal, reducing bandwidth. Dependent shortcuts ensure that if one hub fails, the branch automatically falls back to the other hub without administrator intervention—this is the sub-second failover mechanism. Using EBGP on loopback interfaces provides dynamic routing convergence and self-healing capabilities.Option B (FGCP clustering without ADVPN) works only for local hub redundancy, not multi-region optimization. Option C (OSPF with disabled shortcuts) wastes bandwidth by forcing all branch-to-branch traffic through hubs. Option D (ADVPN 1.0 without dependent shortcuts) lacks the self-healing and rapid failover properties that ADVPN 2.0 provides.
An administrator wants to capture encrypted phase 2 traffic between two FotiGate devices using the built-in sniffer.If the administrator knows that there Is no NAT device located between both FortiGate devices, which command should the administrator run?
Answer(s): B
To captureencrypted IPsec phase 2 (ESP) trafficbetween two FortiGate devices, the correct protocol filter to use isip proto 50. According to the Fortinet official sniffing and debugging documentation, ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload) is used for encrypted phase 2 payload transfer and always uses IP protocol number 50. Running the commanddiagnose sniffer packet any 'ip proto 50'captures only ESP packets, which represent the encrypted traffic---whether originating or transiting the device.If there is no NAT device between FortiGates, ESP is not encapsulated in UDP (thus not on UDP port 4500; if NAT-T were required, packets would be UDP-encapsulated, but the scenario explicitly says NAT is not in use). UDP port 500 is for IKE control (negotiation) traffic, and AH (Authentication Header, ip proto 51) is not used for encryption in standard IPsec phase 2 with ESP.This matches the official CLI reference from Fortinet for VPN and traffic analysis.**FortiOS CLI Reference: diagnose sniffer packet, ESP, IP Protocol NumbersFortiGate VPN Administration Guide: Traffic Capture and Analysis of IPsec Traffic
Refer to the exhibits.An administrator Is expecting to receive advertised route 8.8.8.8/32 from FGT-A. On FGT-B, they confirm that the route is being advertised and received, however, the route is not being injected into the routing table. What is the most likely cause of this issue?
The 8.8.8.8/32 route is visible in the OSPF database on FGT-B but not installed into the routing table---the most likely explanation is that FGT-B is filtering it from being installed.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of a BGP debug command.What can you conclude about the router in this scenario?
Answer(s): D
The BGP debug output shows session information for peers, including state details. According to official Fortinet BGP documentation, if the session state with a peer does not show 'Idle,' 'Active,' or 'Connect,' but instead shows 'Established,' 'Up,' or related counters (e.g., messages sent/received or uptime), it indicates the session is operational. In this scenario, the peer 10.127.0.75 is the only one showing a positive indication of a live, established session. Other options like neighbor-range configuration, AS mismatch, or route-maps blocking prefixes are not supported by evidence provided in a simple BGP session state debug, nor does the output show errors relating to local or remote AS issues.The correct interpretation comes from Fortinet's BGP troubleshooting guide, which outlines how to read session status and neighbor states in debug and summary outputs.FortiOS BGP Debugging Guide: Session State InterpretationBGP CLI Reference:Neighbor Status Fields
MULTIPLE CHOICEWhich two statements about an auxiliary session ate true? (Choose two.)
Answer(s): B,C
Auxiliary sessions in Fortinet are designed to support ECMP (Equal Cost Multi-Path) and SD-WAN scenarios, allowing sessions to be handled efficiently when traffic needs to be dynamically distributed across multiple links. With the auxiliary session setting enabled, FortiGate creates additional session table entries for each possible path in ECMP or SD-WAN---meaning that if the routing path changes (such as a link failover), a new session can be immediately activated and offloaded to the NP6 network processor for acceleration, ensuring minimal disruption. This greatly benefits high-throughput deployments.Official documentation specifies that when auxiliary sessions are enabled, FortiGate doesn't just rely on dynamically creating new sessions after a routing event, it proactively creates sessions for all potential paths. This means that in the event of a route change, two sessions exist and the traffic is quickly re-routed and offloaded, maximizing performance and reliability. Without this feature, multiple paths cannot be efficiently offloaded, and routing changes trigger a single session update, reducing failover performance.FortiOS Handbook: Session Table, ECMP, SD-WAN, and Auxiliary SessionsFortiGate NP6 Acceleration Guide: Auxiliary Session Behavior
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