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PEOPLECERT DevOps-Foundation Exam (page: 2)
PEOPLECERT DevOps Foundation v3.6
Updated on: 12-Feb-2026

Viewing Page 2 of 6
DevOps-Foundation PDF 40 Questions

An organization is finding that defects found in production had frequently already been identified and recorded in testing and staging and sometimes, although they optimized performance locally, they caused global degradation. Upon further inspection, it was found that this was happening because the testing phase was often delayed due to constraints around resource availability, impacting the flow of work from left to right.

Which of The Three Ways should they took to for direction on how to resolve the situation?

  1. The First Way
  2. The Second Way
  3. The Third Way
  4. Continuous Experimentation and Learning

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

When work is delayed due to resource availability or local optimizations causing global degradation, the issue relates to The First Way--maximizing flow from left to right. Organizations should analyze and remove bottlenecks in the delivery pipeline (e.g., in testing).


Reference:

"Optimizing the flow of work requires eliminating bottlenecks, delays, and handoffs that slow the movement of changes from development to operations."

-- The Phoenix Project
DevOps Foundation courseware discusses value stream mapping and the First Way as critical tools for diagnosing and correcting such issues.



An organization has identified they have a culture of blame where people are fearful of failure and lack the courage to try new things.

What can they do to encourage more courageous and experimentational behaviors?

  1. Identify and punish the people that make mistakes
  2. Sharing is inhibited
  3. Build rituals that reward risk taking
  4. Both b and c

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

A blame culture is toxic and inhibits innovation. DevOps encourages a culture where risk-taking and experimentation are rewarded, not punished.
Organizations should "build rituals that reward risk taking"--examples include celebrating "fast failures" and running blameless post-mortems.


Reference:

"Encourage a culture where failure is seen as a learning opportunity, not a cause for punishment. Rituals that reward risk-taking foster innovation and create psychological safety." -- DevOps Handbook
DevOps Foundation v3.6 (Cultural Principles section) advocates psychological safety, learning from failure, and reward systems that incentivize experimentation.



Which statement is NOT TRUE?

  1. Waterfall approaches can take advantage of continuous integration and test-driven development practices
  2. Continuous Integration requires developers commit code to trunk at least daily
  3. Continuous Delivery ensures software is always in a releasable state
  4. Continuous Deployment requires a manual push button

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

Let's clarify what these terms mean in DevOps:

Continuous Integration (CI): Developers integrate code into a shared repository frequently (ideally daily), with each integration automatically verified by tests.

Continuous Delivery (CD): Ensures software is always in a releasable state. Every change can be deployed to production, but the deployment itself may be a manual decision.

Continuous Deployment: Every change that passes automated tests is automatically deployed to production, without manual intervention.

Why is D ("Continuous Deployment requires a manual push button") NOT TRUE? Because Continuous Deployment is about no manual intervention--once code passes all tests, it's automatically pushed live. Manual deployment is a feature of Continuous Delivery, not Continuous Deployment.


Reference:

"Continuous Deployment means that every change goes through the pipeline and is automatically put into production, resulting in many production deployments every day." -- Accelerate: The Science of Lean Software and DevOps, Jez Humble & Nicole Forsgren DevOps Foundation v3.6 distinguishes between Continuous Delivery (manual trigger) and Continuous Deployment (fully automated).



Which of the following is an example of a "shift left" testing strategy?

  1. Testing in production
  2. Manual testing
  3. Unit testing as part of continuous integration
  4. Biannual vulnerability assessments of live systems

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Shift Left Testing means moving testing earlier in the development process, so defects are found sooner and fixes are cheaper.
Unit testing as part of CI is the classic "shift left" strategy: automated unit tests run with every code change, catching errors before code moves further down the pipeline.

Testing in production (A) is "shift right."

Manual testing (B) is typically late-stage and not automated.

Biannual vulnerability assessments (D) are after-the-fact and far from "shift left."


Reference:

"Shift left means performing testing activities earlier, for example by including unit tests in the CI process, reducing costly late-stage defects."
-- DevOps Handbook
PeopleCert Foundation: "Shift left" is a key DevOps testing principle--find issues fast, fix fast, deploy safely.



What is one of the PRIMARY benefits of Continuous Delivery?

  1. It prioritizes working on new features over keeping software deployable
  2. It ensures that all releases are deployed into production in a timely manner
  3. It reduces the cost, time, and risk of delivering incremental changes to the business
  4. It automates all of the tasks associated with development and operations

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Continuous Delivery's primary benefit is that it reduces the cost, time, and risk of delivering incremental changes. By keeping software deployable at all times, teams can ship small, low-risk releases as needed.

A: Prioritizing features over deployability increases risk.

B: Not all releases are deployed immediately; CD keeps them ready.

D: CD doesn't automate everything--some manual steps may remain, especially in Continuous Delivery (vs. Continuous Deployment).


Reference:

"Continuous Delivery reduces deployment pain by ensuring that code is always in a deployable state, decreasing the cost, time, and risk associated with releases." -- Continuous Delivery, Jez Humble & David Farley
PeopleCert Syllabus: Highlights CD as a strategy for safer, more efficient business change.



Which of the following DevOps practices encourages conversation driven development, delivery and support?

  1. The Second Way
  2. ChatOps
  3. Communication Platforms
  4. VisOps

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

ChatOps is the DevOps practice of using chat platforms (like Slack, Teams, Mattermost) as the central interface for communication, collaboration, and even automated deployment or support tasks. It encourages "conversation-driven development, delivery, and support," making processes transparent and collaborative.

Second Way (A) is about feedback loops, but not specifically conversational platforms.

Communication Platforms (C) is a generic term.

VisOps (D) is not a standard DevOps term.


Reference:

"ChatOps is a collaboration model that connects people, tools, process, and automation into a transparent workflow. Teams communicate and execute commands from a central chat client." -- DevOps Handbook
PeopleCert Foundation v3.6: ChatOps promotes rapid feedback and a culture of sharing.



A team has recently introduced their first Kanban board and are saying that they are finding it hard to focus and are feeling exhausted from context switching. Additionally, the business is complaining that nothing is being finished and they are yet to receive any of what they asked for.

What do the team need to do?

  1. Push more work onto the board to provide more opportunities to deliver something
  2. Add more development resources to the team to cope with the workload
  3. Try using Work in Progress limits
  4. Unblock any blocked work items

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

When Kanban teams feel overwhelmed and nothing is getting finished, it's a sign that too much work is in progress (WIP).
Work in Progress (WIP) limits are a key Kanban and Lean practice: they restrict how many tasks can be active at one time, forcing teams to focus, finish, and deliver before starting new work.

Pushing more work (A) or adding more resources (B) worsens the problem.

Unblocking work (D) is helpful, but the core issue is overload.


Reference:

"WIP limits encourage teams to finish work before starting new tasks, reducing context switching and enabling better flow and faster delivery."
-- Kanban: Successful Evolutionary Change for Your Technology Business, David J. Anderson PeopleCert DevOps Foundation: Limiting WIP is essential for effective flow and sustainable pace.



Why are Lean tools and practices critical to DevOps?

  1. They help ensure that core (soft) skills were taught to software developers
  2. They help ensure that teams are organized into collaborative communities
  3. They help developers identify requirements for minimum viable products and services
  4. They help identify waste and assist in the creation of improvement practices

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

Lean tools and practices are foundational to DevOps because they help organizations systematically identify and eliminate waste, optimize value delivery, and continuously improve processes.

Lean thinking focuses on value stream mapping, reducing delays, bottlenecks, over-processing, handoffs, rework, and unnecessary tasks--core to making DevOps successful.

Option D, "They help identify waste and assist in the creation of improvement practices," perfectly captures this focus.


Reference:

"Lean enables teams to identify value and non-value-added activities and to use continuous improvement techniques such as Kaizen, value stream mapping, and removing waste." -- DevOps Handbook
PeopleCert DevOps Foundation v3.6: Lean tools like Value Stream Mapping, 5S, and Kaizen are cited as critical enablers for optimizing the flow and improving IT and business alignment.



Viewing Page 2 of 6



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