Assume that a channel of 4CIF analog TV signal uses a 48-bit color depth. Which of the following is nearest to the stream transmission speed of the signal before compression and encoding?
Answer(s): D
4CIF (704×576) at 30 fps gives 704 × 576 × 30 12.17 million pixels/s. At 48 bits per pixel, that's 12.17 M × 48 584 Mbit/s, which is nearest to 600 Mbit/s.
Currently, the widely used video compression standards include H.263, H.264, H.265, MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4. The H.26X series standards are mainly used for real time video communication, and the MPEG series standards are mainly used for video storage (DVD), video broadcast, and video streaming media.
Answer(s): A
The H.26x family (H.263, H.264/AVC, H.265/HEVC) was designed with low-latency, real-time encoding/decoding in mind (ideal for videoconferencing and streaming calls) whereas MPEG-1/2/4 were originally optimized for file-based storage (VCD/DVD), broadcast and progressive streaming. Modern deployments often blend these. For example, using H.265 for both live calls and high- efficiency streaming and newer standards (like H.266/VVC) are now emerging.
Which of the following statements is true about image sampling?
YUV 4:2:0 subsamples chroma by a factor of two in both horizontal and vertical dimensions, reducing total data to half of the full-resolution YUV 4:4:4 format.
Which of the following header fields is used to indicate the route of a response message?
The Via header records each hop a request takes and is used to route the corresponding response back along the same path.
FILL BLANKIn a SIP-only multipoint conference, when a participant sends the presentation, the system uses the ____________ protocol for presentation. (Enter the abbreviation.)
In SIP-only multipoint conferences, presentation content is delivered using the Binary Floor Control Protocol (BFCP), which handles floor control and content distribution.
The start line of a SIP response consists of three parts: method (Method), request URI (Request-URI), and protocol version (SIP-VERSION).
Answer(s): B
A SIP response start line is a Status-Line containing the SIP version, status code, and reason phrase - not the method and Request-URI.
SIP and SDP are independent of each other. SIP can implement multimedia calls independently to add new applications or media easily.
SIP relies on SDP for session description in multimedia calls; it cannot negotiate media parameters independently of SDP.
SIP is an application-layer protocol independent of the transport-layer protocols. It can be carried over different transport protocols, such as UDP, TCP, TLS, and SCTP. Currently, SCTP is the most commonly used transport-layer protocol.
While SIP is transport-agnostic and can run over UDP, TCP, TLS, or SCTP, UDP remains the predominant transport - SCTP is not the most commonly used.
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good questions
Delayed the exam until December 29th.
A and D are True
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