NPPE Exam Questions and Answers | Exam-Dumps (Page: 3)

QUESTION: 17

For the professional member, the duty to the client is most appropriately described in which of the following ways?

It is less important if the member has strong interpersonal relationship with the client.
It is most important if the member has no personal relationship with the client.
It is equally as important as the member's duty to the public.
It is second only to the member's duty to the public.

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

NPPE Codes of Ethics consistently state that a professional's paramount duty is to protect the public interest, including public safety, health, welfare, and environmental protection. This duty overrides all other professional obligations.

The duty to the client is highly important and requires loyalty, competence, confidentiality, and acting as a faithful agent. However, NPPE materials emphasize that this duty is subordinate to the duty to the public. Therefore, when a conflict arises between client interests and public safety, the professional must prioritize the public.

Option D correctly reflects this hierarchy of duties. Options A and B are incorrect because the duty to the client does not depend on personal relationships. Option C is incorrect because the duty to the public takes precedence over the duty to the client.

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QUESTION: 18

Which of the following situations gives an example of breach of contract by inadvertence?

A service provider interprets the meaning of the contract differently than the service receiver.
A service provider unintentionally fails to carry out one of its promises or obligations specified in the contract.
A service provider loses money on a contract and determines that it would cost less to let the company go bankrupt than to complete the contract.
A service provider would like to perform its obligations but is unable to do so for reasons such as lack of financial resources or lack of necessary equipment or expertise.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

NPPE materials describe breach of contract by inadvertence as an unintentional failure to meet contractual obligations. This type of breach occurs without deliberate intent to abandon or repudiate the contract.

Option B accurately describes this situation. Option A represents a dispute over interpretation rather than inadvertent breach. Option C is a deliberate breach. Option D describes incapacity or inability to perform, which may lead to frustration or repudiation but is not inadvertence.

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QUESTION: 19

In which of the following types of contracts does the owner pay the contractor a stipulated amount for each unit or section of work performed?

Cost-Plus Contract
Unit-Price Contract
Fixed-Price Contract
Design-Build Contract

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

NPPE materials define a unit-price contract as one in which payment is based on measured quantities of work performed at predetermined unit rates. This contract type is commonly used when the total quantity of work cannot be precisely determined at the outset.

Option B correctly reflects this definition. Cost-plus contracts reimburse actual costs plus a fee, fixed- price contracts pay a single lump sum, and design-build contracts combine design and construction responsibilities rather than defining a payment structure based on units.

Therefore, option B is the correct answer.

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QUESTION: 20

A licensed professional civil engineer is assigned by their employer to review and approve a building's structural design drawings. The design includes a vaulted component. Although the professional has not worked with vaulted designs in the past, they have recently completed an extensive "Cathedral and Vaulted Ceilings" engineering design course. The professional is confident in their knowledge and ability to competently review and assess this type of design.

Is it appropriate for the professional to accept the current assignment?

No, as the professional is restricted to working within their area of expertise.
No, as the professional is misrepresenting their abilities and lacks the required competence.
Yes, as the professional has the appropriate training and is confident in their ability to perform the task correctly.
Yes, provided the employer is aware of the professional's deficiencies and accepts full responsibility on the professional's behalf.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

NPPE Codes of Ethics state that professionals must practice only in areas where they are competent by virtue of education, training, and experience. Competence is not limited solely to past work experience; it also includes recently acquired education and professional development that equips the professional to perform the task safely and effectively.

Option C is correct because the professional has undertaken relevant specialized training and reasonably assessed their own competence. NPPE materials emphasize that professionals are responsible for self-assessing competence and declining work only when they lack the necessary knowledge or skills.

Option A is incorrect because professionals are not restricted solely to tasks they have previously performed. Option B is incorrect because completing relevant training and being competent does not constitute misrepresentation. Option D is incorrect because responsibility for professional work cannot be transferred to the employer.

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QUESTION: 21

A licensed professional geoscientist is part of a team responsible for designing a dam for hydroelectric energy generation. The guidance from the professional's employer is that the design should generate the greatest amount of energy for the region. One potential design will generate the most energy but will displace many local communities and abandon significant civil infrastructure.

Which of the following priorities should the professional place highest in the design process?

Ensure that the economic benefit for the local communities outweighs the cost of their displacement and the loss of civil infrastructure.
Optimize the project's energy production capacity while minimizing the negative impacts to local populations.
Ensure that the project's economic benefit to the region outweighs all impact to local communities.
Minimize the risk of a sizable and organized public protest that may derail the project.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

NPPE ethics materials emphasize that professionals must hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public, including social and environmental considerations.
While economic efficiency and energy production are important, they must be balanced against adverse impacts on communities and infrastructure.

Option B best reflects this ethical balance. It aligns with the NPPE principle of sustainable development and responsible professional judgment, which requires minimizing harm while achieving project objectives.

Options C and D disregard public welfare. Option A focuses narrowly on economic compensation rather than minimizing harm, which does not fully satisfy ethical obligations.

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QUESTION: 22

For which of the following actions could criminal, civil, and disciplinary actions all be applied to a licensed professional member?

Providing a false reference for someone applying for professional member designation
Advertising that professional services are available at no cost to qualified clients
Acting at the same time for two clients with competing interests
Defrauding a client

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

NPPE materials explain that certain forms of professional misconduct can trigger multiple forms of liability. Defrauding a client may constitute a criminal offence under the Criminal Code, give rise to civil liability for damages, and result in disciplinary action by the professional regulator.

Option D is correct because fraud involves intentional deception and serious misconduct. Option A may lead to disciplinary consequences but not necessarily criminal liability. Option B is generally permissible. Option C represents a conflict of interest and may result in discipline or civil liability, but it does not typically constitute a criminal offence.

Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

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QUESTION: 23

Which of the following statements pertaining to sustainable development and or environmental stewardship is false?

Sustainable development projects may have adverse environmental impacts.
Environmental stewardship may come with associated costs and economic impacts.
Environmental stewardship requires that natural systems beyond project-specific boundaries are reasonably understood and considered.
Sustainable development limits the consumption of natural resources to the rate at which they are naturally replenished in the environment.

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

NPPE materials explain that sustainable development seeks to balance environmental protection, social responsibility, and economic development. It does not require that all natural resource consumption be strictly limited to the rate of natural replenishment. Rather, it emphasizes responsible use, mitigation of adverse impacts, and long-term consideration of environmental consequences.

Options A, B, and C are all consistent with NPPE guidance. Sustainable development projects may still have adverse impacts, environmental stewardship often involves economic trade-offs, and professionals are expected to consider broader ecological systems beyond project boundaries.

Option D is false because NPPE documents clarify that sustainable development does not impose an absolute prohibition on non-renewable resource use or require replenishment rates to match consumption exactly. Instead, it promotes responsible management and mitigation strategies.

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QUESTION: 24

Every province in Canada has a construction lien statute.
Which of the following statements related to construction liens is false?

The security of payment through instruments such as mortgages or rights of repossession do not work in the construction industry.
Workers, contractors, subcontractors, and material suppliers must do their work or supply their own materials before they get paid by the owners of a project.
The effect of registering a construction lien is to make the construction property easy to sell or borrow against, giving the owner an incentive not to settle any claims.
The owner of a construction project does not release money without evidence that work has been performed or required materials have been delivered to the construction site.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

NPPE materials describe construction lien legislation as a mechanism designed to protect those who supply labor and materials to a construction project by securing payment against the project property. Registering a lien places an encumbrance on the property, making it more difficult--not easier--to sell or finance.

Options A, B, and D accurately reflect NPPE explanations. Traditional security instruments are often impractical in construction, payment typically follows work performed, and owners release funds based on verified progress.

Option C is false because registering a construction lien restricts property transfer or financing and creates strong incentives for owners to resolve payment disputes.

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APEGS NPPE Exam (page: 3) APEGS National Professional Practiceination Updated on: 07-Feb-2026

QUESTION: 17

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QUESTION: 24

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APEGS NPPE Exam (page: 3)
APEGS National Professional Practiceination
Updated on: 07-Feb-2026