Test Prep National Registry Emergency Medical Technician NREMT Dumps in PDF

Free Test Prep NREMT Real Questions (page: 20)

What does the mitral valve do?

  1. Prevents blood from back-flowing into the left ventricle.
  2. Prevents blood from back-flowing into the left atrium.
  3. Prevents blood from back-flowing into the lungs.
  4. Prevents blood from flowing between the right and left ventricles.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

The mitral valve is located between the left atrium and ventricle and prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium.



A 45-year-old male patient is experiencing chest discomfort. After placing him in his position of comfort, your next action should be to:

  1. Ventilate the patient with a non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min
  2. Ventilate the patient with the bag-valve-mask at 15 L/min.
  3. Administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min.
  4. Administer oxygen by the nasal cannula at 6 L/min.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

There is no information to indicate that the patient requires ventilatory support. Any patient experiencing chest discomfort should receive the highest possible concentration of oxygen.



Your patient is a 62-year-old man with a history of heart disease. He is experiencing chest pain. Your first action should be to:

  1. Place the pads for the automated external defibrillator on his chest.
  2. Begin CPR while preparing the automated external defibrillator.
  3. Ask him if he has taken his nitroglycerin, and if not, offer to assist him.
  4. Place him in a comfortable position and administer high-flow oxygen.

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

Your first action would be to administer oxygen and place the patient in a comfortable position; next, if not contraindicated, you would request permission to administer nitroglycerin. You should first obtain a set of vital signs to ensure he is not in cardiogenic shock. Never put defibrillator pads onto a conscious patient with a pulse; this procedure is contraindicated. AED pads are not serving the same function as the electrodes used by ALS providers to monitor the heart rhythm.



Which heart rhythm often converts to ventricular fibrillation?

  1. Asystole
  2. Ventricular tachycardia
  3. Atrial fibrillation
  4. Atrial tachycardia

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Ventricular tachycardia often converts to ventricular fibrillation, a life-threatening heart rhythm that the AED is designed to correct.



Patients commonly describe heart attack pain as which of the following characteristic?

  1. Like “pins and needles”
  2. Crushing or squeezing
  3. Intermittent (comes and goes)
  4. Less severe than indigestion

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Myocardial pain is often difficult to determine because it can take on many different characters; however, patients most commonly (over 40% of the time) describe the pain of a myocardial infarction as a crushing, squeezing pressure that radiates outward to the arms and upper back.



Which patient is showing signs and symptoms of cardiac compromise?

  1. 85-year-old man: difficulty breathing, high fever, rapid pulse
  2. 72-year-old woman: wheezing, labored breathing, tightness in throat
  3. 53-year-old woman: dull chest pain, sudden sweating, difficulty breathing
  4. 51-year-old man: headache, dizziness, gagging, chest pain

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

This woman shows classic signs of cardiac compromise: dull chest pain, sudden onset of sweating, and difficulty breathing.



Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygen-rich blood out to the body tissues?

  1. Right atrium
  2. Right ventricle
  3. Left atrium
  4. Left ventricle

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

Oxygen-rich blood reaches the left atrium from the lungs via the pulmonary veins; then, the left ventricle pumps it out to the rest of the body.



A 64-year-old female has just collapsed in cardiac arrest. You are alone. After your initial assessment, you should give two ventilations, then:

  1. Analyze the rhythm, and deliver a shock if indicated.
  2. Begin chest compressions for one minute.
  3. Analyze the rhythm, and begin chest compressions.
  4. Call medical control, and begin chest compressions.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

While there is limited information that people in extended periods of cardiac arrest may benefit from CPR before defibrillation, overwhelming information indicates that defibrillating very early in a “fresh” arrest situation will provide the best opportunity for correcting the most common cause of cardiac arrest – ventricular fibrillation.



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