OMSB OMSB_OEN Dumps PDF Free Download - Page: 9

QUESTION: 9

A woman presents to the clinic with signs and symptoms of menopause. The doctor advised to start hormonal replacement therapy. The woman enquired about the adverse effects of this therapy.
Which of the following is an adverse effects of the hormonal replacement therapy?

Osteoporosis
Atherosclerosis
Endometrial cancer
Cerebrovascular accident

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can have several adverse effects. One significant risk associated with HRT, especially if estrogen is given without progesterone to women with an intact uterus, is the increased risk of endometrial cancer. Estrogen stimulates the lining of the uterus, and without the balancing effect of progesterone, this can lead to endometrial hyperplasia and potentially cancer. Other risks include breast cancer, blood clots, and stroke, but endometrial cancer is a specific concern with unopposed estrogen therapy.

Reference:

Goodman, N. F., et al. (2011). American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists medical guidelines for clinical practice for the diagnosis and treatment of menopause. Endocrine Practice, 17(6), 1-25.

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QUESTION: 10

A nurse understands that patient with blood transfusion reaction is at risk to develop which of the following types of jaundice?

Hepatocellular
Obstructive
Hemolytic
Chronic

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

A blood transfusion reaction can lead to hemolytic jaundice. This type of jaundice occurs when there is an excessive breakdown of red blood cells, leading to an increase in bilirubin production. Hemolytic reactions during a blood transfusion cause the destruction of the transfused red blood cells, releasing large amounts of hemoglobin into the bloodstream, which is then converted to bilirubin, resulting in jaundice.

Reference:

American Association of Blood Banks (AABB). (2017). Technical Manual, 19th Edition. AABB Press.

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QUESTION: 11

A nurse is caring for a patient who is admitted into the surgical ward and was diagnosed with perforated appendix and is shifted to operation room for appendectomy. The nurse understands that this procedure is classified as:

Urgent
Emergent
Elective
Required

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

A perforated appendix is a medical emergency requiring immediate surgical intervention to prevent complications such as peritonitis and sepsis. Therefore, an appendectomy in this context is classified as an emergent procedure. Emergent surgeries are those that need to be performed without delay to preserve the patient's life or health.

Reference:

Smeltzer, S. C., Bare, B. G., Hinkle, J. L., & Cheever, K. H. (2010). Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

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QUESTION: 12

Which of the following is an appropriate role of the parents in the teenage-stage of family developmental tasks?

Coping with the energy depletion
Releasing young adults into work
Balancing freedom with responsibility
Preparing themselves for different roles

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

During the teenage stage of family development, parents play a crucial role in helping their adolescents balance freedom with responsibility. This includes setting appropriate boundaries, providing guidance, and encouraging independence while ensuring that teenagers understand and meet their responsibilities. It is a critical period where parental support and oversight help teens develop into responsible adults.

Reference:

Hockenberry, M. J., & Wilson, D. (2018). Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children. Elsevier.

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QUESTION: 13

A nurse is caring for a patient with bacterial meningitis who develops high-grade fever and nasal discharge.
Which of the following is the FIRST nursing intervention for this patient?

Control elevated body temperature
Assist with getting rest in a quiet dark room
Encourage patient to stay hydrated with adequate oral intake
Follow infection precautions for 24 hours after starting antibiotic treatment

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

The first nursing intervention for a patient with bacterial meningitis who develops a high-grade fever and nasal discharge is to follow infection precautions. This is crucial to prevent the spread of the infection to others. Bacterial meningitis is highly contagious, and infection control measures such as isolation and wearing protective gear should be implemented immediately upon diagnosis and continued for at least 24 hours after starting antibiotic treatment.

Reference:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2018). Bacterial Meningitis. Retrieved from CDC website.

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QUESTION: 14

A nurse must be aware that keeping an aggressive patient in a seclusion or restraint requires an order from the doctor.
The renewal of such order for a patient aged 19 years old must be done:

Every 1 hour
Every 2 hours
Every 4 hours
Every 7 hours

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

When a patient aged 19 years old is placed in seclusion or restraint, the renewal of the order must be done every 4 hours. This requirement is based on the guidelines provided by the Joint Commission and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), which regulate the use of seclusion and restraints in healthcare settings.
Initial Order: The use of seclusion or restraint must be ordered by a licensed independent practitioner (LIP), such as a physician.
Time Limits: For adults aged 18 and older, the order must be renewed every 4 hours.

Renewal Process: This renewal must involve an assessment of the patient's condition and the need for continued seclusion or restraint.
Documentation: The rationale for using seclusion or restraint and the patient's response to the intervention must be documented thoroughly in the patient's medical record.

Reference:

The Joint Commission: Standards for Behavioral Health Care Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS): Conditions of Participation for Hospitals, 42 CFR 482.13(e)

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QUESTION: 15

The unit in-charge is following up an incident report for a patient who fell down from the bed to be written by the nurse.
Which of the following actions if done by the nurse needs to be corrected?

Writing the incident report immediately
Investigating the root cause of the incidence
Writing the incident report by the assigned nurse
Documenting the incident report in patient's record

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

When an incident such as a patient fall occurs, specific protocols must be followed to ensure proper documentation and quality improvement processes.
Writing the Incident Report Immediately: The nurse should document the incident as soon as possible to ensure accurate details are captured.
Investigating the Root Cause of the Incident: This is essential to prevent future occurrences and improve patient safety. It involves a thorough analysis of the factors that led to the incident. Writing the Incident Report by the Assigned Nurse: The nurse who witnessed or discovered the incident is typically responsible for documenting it, ensuring first-hand accuracy. Documenting the Incident Report in Patient's Record: This is incorrect. Incident reports are meant for internal use to track and analyze incidents and should not be included in the patient's medical record. Including it in the patient's record can potentially compromise confidentiality and affect the patient's care.

Reference:

The Joint Commission: Sentinel Event Policy and Procedures National Patient Safety Foundation: Guidelines for Incident Reporting

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QUESTION: 16

A head nurse of an intensive care unit wants to ensure that the staff are performing Basic Life Support (BLS) based on latest American Heart Association's guidelines.
What will be the head nurse's BEST action?

Review the BLS policy periodically
Perform regular mocks on BLS in the unit
Send staff to renew BLS certification every three years
Monitor the staff performing BLS during the actual scene

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Ensuring that staff perform Basic Life Support (BLS) according to the latest American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines involves several strategies, but performing regular mock drills is the best approach.
Reviewing the BLS Policy Periodically: While this is important, it alone does not ensure that staff are up-to-date or proficient in BLS techniques.
Performing Regular Mocks on BLS in the Unit: Regular mock drills provide hands-on practice and allow staff to apply the latest guidelines in a simulated environment. This helps in retaining skills and identifying any gaps in knowledge or performance.
Sending Staff to Renew BLS Certification Every Three Years: Certification renewal is necessary, but practical skills can degrade over time if not regularly practiced. Monitoring the Staff Performing BLS During the Actual Scene: This is reactive rather than proactive and does not provide an opportunity for practice and improvement without the pressure of a real-life situation.

Reference:

American Heart Association (AHA): Guidelines for CPR and ECC National Institutes of Health (NIH): Effective Training Strategies in Healthcare

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OMSB Omaniination for Nurses OMSB_OEN Dumps in PDF

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