312-38 Exam Questions and Answers | Exam-Dumps (Page: 11)

QUESTION: 51

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Fill in the blank with the appropriate word. The primary goal of _____________risk analysis is to determine the proportion of effect and theoretical response.

qualitative

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Qualitative risk analysis uses the likelihood and impact of the identified risks in a fast and cost-effective manner. Qualitative risk analysis establishes a basis for a focused quantitative analysis or risk response plan by evaluating the precedence of risks with a view to impact on the project's scope, cost, schedule, and quality objectives. Qualitative risk analysis is conducted at any point in a project life cycle. The primary goal of qualitative risk analysis is to determine the proportion of effect and theoretical response. The inputs to the qualitative risk
analysis process are as follows:

Organizational process assets Project scope statement
Risk management plan Risk register

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QUESTION: 52

Which of the following topologies is a type of physical network design where each computer in the network is connected to a central device through an unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) wire?

Mesh topology
Star topology
Ring topology
Bus topology

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Star topology is a type of physical network design where each computer in the network is connected to a central device, called hub, through an unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) wire. Signals from the sending computer go to the hub and are then transmitted to all the computers in the network. Since each workstation has a separate connection to the hub, it is easy to troubleshoot. Currently, it is the most popular topology used for networks.
Star Topology:

Answer option A is incorrect. Mesh network topology is a type of physical network design where all devices in a network are connected to each other with many redundant connections. It provides multiple paths for the data traveling on the network to reach its destination. Mesh topology also provides redundancy in the network. It employs the full mesh and partial mesh methods to connect devices. In a full mesh topology network, each computer is connected to all the other computers. In a partial mesh topology network, some of the computers are connected to all the computers, whereas some are connected to only those computers with which they frequently exchange data.
Mesh Topology:

Answer option D is incorrect. Bus topology is a type of physical network design where all computers in the network are connected through a single coaxial cable known as bus. This topology uses minimum cabling and is therefore, the simplest and least expensive topology for small networks. In this topology, 50 ohm terminators terminate both ends of the network. A Bus topology network is difficult to troubleshoot, as a break or problem at any point along the cable can cause the entire network to go down.
Bus Topology:

Answer option C is incorrect. Ring topology is a type of physical network design where all computers in the network are connected in a closed loop. Each computer or device in a Ring topology network acts as a repeater. It transmits data by passing a token around the network in order to prevent the collision of data between two computers that want to send messages at the same time. If a token is free, the computer waiting to send data takes it, attaches the data and destination address to the token, and sends it. When the token reaches its destination computer, the data is copied. Then, the token gets back to the originator. The originator finds that the message has been copied and received and removes the message from the token. Now, the token is free and can be used by the other computers in the network to send data. In this topology, if one computer fails, the entire network goes down.
Ring Topology:

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QUESTION: 53

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Fill in the blank with the appropriate term. A________________ is a technique to authenticate digital documents by using computer cryptography.

signature

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

A digital signature is a technique to authenticate digital documents by using computer cryptography. A digital signature not only validates the sender's identity, but also ensures that the document's contents have not been altered. It verifies that the source and integrity of the document is not compromised since the document is signed. A digital signature provides the following assurances: Authenticity, Integrity, and Non-repudiation.
Microsoft Office 2007 Excel and Word provide a feature known as Signature line to insert a user's digital signature on a document.

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QUESTION: 54

Which of the following is an intrusion detection system that reads all incoming packets and tries to find suspicious patterns known as signatures or rules?

HIDS
IPS
DMZ
NIDS

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

A network intrusion detection system (NIDS) is an intrusion detection system that tries to detect malicious activity such as denial of service attacks, port scans or even attempts to crack into computers by monitoring network traffic. A NIDS reads all the incoming packets and tries to find suspicious patterns known as signatures or rules. It also tries to detect incoming shell codes in the same manner that an ordinary intrusion detection system does.
Answer option A is incorrect. A host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS) produces a false alarm because of the abnormal behavior of users and the network. A host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS) is an intrusion detection system that monitors and analyses the internals of a computing system rather than the network packets on its external interfaces. A host-based Intrusion Detection System (HIDS) monitors all or parts of the dynamic behavior and the state of a computer system. HIDS looks at the state of a system, its stored information, whether in RAM, in the file system, log files or elsewhere; and checks that the contents of these appear as expected. Answer option B is incorrect. An intrusion prevention system (IPS) is a network security device that monitors network and/or system activities for malicious or unwanted behavior and can react, in real-time, to block or prevent those activities. When an attack is detected, it can drop the offending packets while still allowing all other traffic to pass.
Answer option C is incorrect. A demilitarized zone (DMZ) is a physical or logical subnetwork that contains and exposes external services of an organization to a larger network, usually the Internet. The purpose of a DMZ is to add an additional layer of security to an organization's Local Area Network (LAN); an external attacker only has access to equipment in the DMZ, rather than the whole of the network. Hosts in the DMZ have limited connectivity to specific hosts in the internal network, though communication with other hosts in the DMZ and to the external network is allowed. This allows hosts in the DMZ to provide services to both the internal and external networks, while an intervening firewall controls the traffic between the DMZ servers and the internal network clients. In a DMZ configuration, most computers on the LAN run behind a firewall connected to a public network such as the Internet.

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QUESTION: 55

Fill in the blank with the appropriate term. The _____________is typically considered as the top InfoSec officer in the organization and helps in maintaining current and appropriate body of knowledge required to perform InfoSec management functions.

CISO

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

The Chief InfoSec Officer (CISO) is typically considered as the top InfoSec officer in the organization, though the CISO is usually not an executive-level position and commonly reports to the CIO. Following are the job competencies for the Chief InfoSec Officer (CISO):
Maintaining current & appropriate body of knowledge required to perform InfoSec management functionsEffectively applying InfoSec management knowledge for improving security of open network and associated systems and services Maintaining working knowledge of external legislative & regulatory initiativesInterpreting and translating requirements for implementationDeveloping appropriate InfoSec policies, standards, guidelines, and proceduresProviding meaningful input, preparing effective presentations, and communicating InfoSec objectivesParticipating in short and long term planning

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EC-Council 312-38 Exam (page: 11) EC-Council Certified Network Defender Updated on: 09-Feb-2026

QUESTION: 51

Explanation:

QUESTION: 52

Explanation:

QUESTION: 53

Explanation:

QUESTION: 54

Explanation:

QUESTION: 55

Explanation:

EC-Council 312-38 Exam (page: 11)
EC-Council Certified Network Defender
Updated on: 09-Feb-2026