In Yew Co.'s 1992 annual report, Yew described its social awareness expenditures during the year as follows:"The Company contributed $250,000 in cash to youth and educational programs. The Company also gave $140,000 to health and human-service organizations, of which $80,000 was contributed by employees through payroll deductions. In addition, consistent with the Company's commitment to the environment, the Company spent $100,000 to redesign product packaging." What amount of the above should be included in Yew's income statement as charitable contributions expense?
Answer(s): A
Choice "a" is correct. Charitable contributions include amounts the company gave to recognized charities. This includes:Note: Of the $140,000, employees gave $80,000, and the company $60,000. Redesigning packaging is not a contribution to a charity.Choice "b" is incorrect. The company gave only $60,000 of the $140,000. Employees gave $80,000. Choice "c" is incorrect. Redesigning packaging is not a contribution to a charity. Choice "d" is incorrect. The company gave only $60,000 of the $140,000. Employees gave $80,000. Redesigning packaging is not a contribution to a charity.
According to the FASB conceptual framework, which of the following relates to both relevance and reliability?
Choice "a" is correct. Comparability and consistency are secondary qualities of both relevance and reliability. SFAC 2 para. 111-122Choice "b" is incorrect. Feedback value is a key characteristic of relevance only. Choice "c" is incorrect. Verifiability is a key characteristic of reliability only. Choice "d" is incorrect. Timeliness is a key characteristic of relevance only.
Which of the following is true regarding the comparison of managerial to financial accounting?
Answer(s): D
Choice "d" is correct. Public companies must follow GAAP for (external) financial reporting purposes. GAAP need not be followed for (internal) managerial accounting purposes. Choice "a" is incorrect. Financial accounting is generally more precise. Choice "b" is incorrect. Managerial accounting has a future focus, while financial accounting focuses on reporting past results.Choice "c" is incorrect. The emphasis of financial accounting is providing useful information to financial statement users (including the characteristic of relevance), while the emphasis of managerial accounting is providing timely information to management decision makers.
Which of the following is a generally accepted accounting principle that illustrates the practice of conservatism during a particular reporting period?
Choice "d" is correct. The rule of conservatism states that revenues and gains should be recognized when the earnings process is complete, but that expenses and losses should be expensed immediately.Reporting inventory at the lower of cost or market requires the recording of a loss on inventory when market is lower than cost in the period the loss is sustained, rather than when the inventory is sold, consistent with the rule of conservatism.Choice "a" is incorrect. Because the future benefits of R&D costs are questionable, these cost should be expensed immediately, consistent with the rule of conservatism and the matching principle. Choice "b" is incorrect. The rule of conservatism only requires the accrual of "probable" losses. The accrual of a reasonably possible loss is not required and the accrual of any contingent gain, whether probable, reasonably possible, or remote, is prohibited. Choice "c" is incorrect. The reporting of marketable securities with appreciated values at market value requires the recording of a gain on the asset before the gain is realized. This contradicts the rule of conservatism, but is allowed because fair value is a more relevant measure of the value of marketable securities.
Arpco, Inc., a for-profit provider of healthcare services, recently purchased two smaller companies and is researching accounting issues arising from the two business combinations. Which of the following accounting pronouncements are the most authoritative?
Choice "d" is correct. Since Arpco is a for-profit provider of healthcare services, it is covered under normal GAAP. Thus, the most authoritative pronouncements are the FASB Statements of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS).Choice "a" is incorrect. AICPA Statements of Position are not the most authoritative pronouncement for almost anything (other than for some issues that only they cover). They are normally "merely" the opinion of the AICPA.Choice "b" is incorrect. AICPA Industry and Audit Guides are not the most authoritative pronouncement for almost anything (other than for some issues that only they cover). Choice "c" is incorrect. FASB Statements of Financial Accounting Concepts are not authoritative pronouncements except where they have been incorporated by reference into an SFAS. They are the basis on which SFAS can be constructed.
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