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SAP C_BW4H_2505 Exam (page: 2)
SAP Certified Associate - Data Engineer - BW/4HANA
Updated on: 12-Feb-2026

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C_BW4H_2505 PDF 80 Questions

For which scenarios do you use the SAP HANA model focus?
Note: There are 2 correct answers to this question.

  1. Load snapshots using ABAP CDS Views.
  2. Build views procedures using SQL script.
  3. Define ABAP Managed Database Procedures in data flows.
  4. Define calculations using geospatial functions.

Answer(s): B,D

Explanation:

The SAP HANA model focus is a concept that emphasizes leveraging the native capabilities of SAP HANA for data modeling and processing. It is particularly useful when working with advanced features of SAP HANA, such as SQLScript, geospatial functions, and other in-memory database functionalities. The focus is on utilizing SAP HANA's high-performance computing capabilities to perform complex calculations and transformations directly within the database layer.
Key Concepts:
SAP HANA Model Focus :
The SAP HANA model focus is designed to maximize the use of SAP HANA's in-memory processing power. It involves creating models (e.g., calculation views, SQLScript procedures) that are optimized for performance and take full advantage of SAP HANA's advanced features.
SQLScript :
SQLScript is a scripting language in SAP HANA that allows developers to write procedural logic and perform complex calculations directly in the database. It is commonly used to build views and procedures that leverage SAP HANA's computational capabilities.
Geospatial Functions :
SAP HANA provides robust support for geospatial data and functions. These functions enable you to perform calculations and analyses involving geographical data, such as distances, areas, and spatial relationships.
ABAP CDS Views and AMDPs :
While ABAP CDS (Core Data Services) Views and ABAP Managed Database Procedures (AMDPs) are powerful tools for integrating SAP HANA with ABAP applications, they are not directly related to the SAP HANA model focus. These tools are more aligned with ABAP development and are typically used in scenarios where SAP HANA is integrated into an ABAP-based system.
Verified Answer
Option A: Load snapshots using ABAP CDS Views.
This option is incorrect because loading snapshots using ABAP CDS Views is more aligned with ABAP development rather than the SAP HANA model focus. ABAP CDS Views are primarily used to define reusable data models in ABAP systems, and they do not fully leverage the native capabilities of SAP HANA.
Option B: Build views procedures using SQL script.
This option is correct because SQLScript is a core component of the SAP HANA model focus. Using SQLScript, you can create calculation views and procedures that are optimized for performance and take full advantage of SAP HANA's in-memory processing capabilities. Option C: Define ABAP Managed Database Procedures in data flows. This option is incorrect because ABAP Managed Database Procedures (AMDPs) are part of ABAP development and are used to execute database procedures from within ABAP programs.
While AMDPs can interact with SAP HANA, they are not directly related to the SAP HANA model focus. Option D: Define calculations using geospatial functions. This option is correct because geospatial functions are a key feature of SAP HANA and align with the SAP HANA model focus. These functions allow you to perform advanced calculations involving geographical data, which is a common use case for leveraging SAP HANA's native capabilities.

SAP Documentation and Reference:
SAP HANA Developer Guide : The official documentation highlights the use of SQLScript and geospatial functions as key components of the SAP HANA model focus. It emphasizes the importance of leveraging these features to optimize performance and enable advanced analytics. SAP Note 2700850 : This note provides guidance on using SQLScript and geospatial functions in SAP HANA and explains how these features can be integrated into data models. SAP HANA Academy : Tutorials and training materials from the SAP HANA Academy demonstrate how to use SQLScript and geospatial functions effectively in SAP HANA models.
Practical Implications:
When designing models in SAP HANA, it is important to:
Use SQLScript to create calculation views and procedures that are optimized for performance. Leverage geospatial functions for scenarios involving geographical data, such as location-based analysis or mapping.
Avoid relying on ABAP-specific tools (e.g., ABAP CDS Views or AMDPs) unless they are explicitly required for integration with ABAP systems.
By focusing on these aspects, you can ensure that your SAP HANA models are efficient, scalable, and aligned with best practices.


Reference:

SAP HANA Developer Guide
SAP Note 2700850: SQLScript and Geospatial Functions in SAP HANA SAP HANA Academy: Advanced Modeling Techniques
=========================



For which reasons should you run an SAP HANA delta merge?
Note: There are 2 correct answers to this question.

  1. To decrease memory consumption
  2. To combine the query cache from different executions
  3. To move the most recent data from disk to memory
  4. To improve the read performance of InfoProviders

Answer(s): A,D

Explanation:

In SAP HANA, the delta merge operation is a critical process for managing data storage and optimizing query performance. It is particularly relevant in columnar storage systems like SAP HANA, where data is stored in two parts: the main storage (optimized for read operations) and the delta storage (optimized for write operations). The delta merge operation moves data from the delta storage to the main storage, ensuring efficient data management and improved query performance.
Why Run an SAP HANA Delta Merge?
To Decrease Memory Consumption (A):
The delta storage holds recent changes (inserts, updates, deletes) in a row-based format, which is less memory-efficient compared to the columnar format used in the main storage. Over time, as more data accumulates in the delta storage, it can lead to increased memory usage. Running a delta merge moves this data into the main storage, which is compressed and optimized for columnar storage, thereby reducing overall memory consumption.
To Improve the Read Performance of InfoProviders (D):
Queries executed on SAP HANA tables or InfoProviders (such as ADSOs, CompositeProviders, or BW queries) benefit significantly from data being stored in the main storage. The main storage is optimized for read operations due to its columnar structure and compression techniques.
When data resides in the delta storage, queries must access both the delta and main storage, which can degrade performance. By running a delta merge, all data is consolidated into the main storage, improving read performance for reporting and analytics.

Incorrect Options:
To Combine the Query Cache from Different Executions (B):
This is incorrect because the delta merge operation does not involve the query cache. The query cache in SAP HANA is a separate mechanism that stores results of previously executed queries to speed up subsequent executions. The delta merge focuses solely on moving data between delta and main storage and does not interact with the query cache.
To Move the Most Recent Data from Disk to Memory (C):

This is incorrect because SAP HANA's in-memory architecture ensures that all data, including the most recent data, is already stored in memory. The delta merge operation does not move data from disk to memory; instead, it reorganizes data within memory (from delta to main storage). Disk storage in SAP HANA is typically used for persistence and backup purposes, not for active query processing.

SAP Data Engineer - Data Fabric Context:
In the context of SAP Data Engineer - Data Fabric , understanding the delta merge process is essential for optimizing data models and ensuring high-performance analytics. SAP HANA is often used as the underlying database for SAP BW/4HANA and other data fabric solutions. Efficient data management practices, such as scheduling delta merges, contribute to seamless data integration and transformation across the data fabric landscape.
For further details, you can refer to the following resources:
SAP HANA Administration Guide : Explains the delta merge process and its impact on system performance.
SAP BW/4HANA Documentation : Discusses how delta merges affect InfoProvider performance in BW queries.
SAP Learning Hub : Provides training materials on SAP HANA database administration and optimization techniques.
By selecting A (To decrease memory consumption) and D (To improve the read performance of InfoProviders) , you ensure that your SAP HANA system operates efficiently, with reduced memory usage and faster query execution.



What are the reasons for implementing Composite Providers?
Note: There are 2 correct answers to this question.

  1. To persist combined data for reporting
  2. To directly expose an SAP HANA table from an external schema
  3. To provide an interface for using BW queries
  4. To provide a virtual data mart layer that combines existing BW models

Answer(s): A,D

Explanation:

Composite Providers in SAP BW/4HANA (part of the SAP Data Engineer - Data Fabric landscape) are essential components used to combine data from multiple sources into a unified view for reporting and analytics. They serve as a flexible tool for creating complex data models by integrating various BW objects, such as InfoProviders, Open ODS views, and external sources. Below is a detailed explanation of why Composite Providers are implemented:

Option A: To persist combined data for reporting
Explanation : Composite Providers can be configured to persist data by materializing the combined data into a physical table. This is particularly useful when you need to store intermediate results or optimize query performance for frequently accessed reports. Persisting data ensures faster access times and reduces the load on underlying systems.



What foundation is necessary to use SAP S/4HANA embedded analytics?

  1. SAP HANA optimized business content
  2. ABAP CDS view based virtual data model
  3. Generated external SAP HANA Calculation Views
  4. SAP Agile Data Preparation

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

SAP S/4HANA Embedded Analytics relies on the ABAP CDS (Core Data Services) view-based Virtual Data Model (VDM). This foundation provides a unified layer for data consumption directly from transactional data in the S/4HANA system.
ABAP CDS Views as Foundation:
CDS views define the semantic model for data and integrate seamlessly with SAP S/4HANA. These views allow users to build advanced reporting and analytics without requiring external data movement.
Virtual Data Model (VDM):
VDM provides a structured framework of CDS views optimized for analytics and reporting. It includes analytical, transactional, and consumption views tailored for SAP Analytics tools.


Reference:

SAP Help Portal ­ S/4HANA Embedded Analytics Overview
SAP Learning Hub ­ ABAP CDS View Basics



How can the delta merge process be initiated in SAP BW/4HANA?
Note: There are 2 correct answers to this question.

  1. By using a specific process type in a process chain
  2. By using the SAP BW/4HANA data load monitor
  3. By setting a specific flag in the transformation
  4. By setting a specific flag in the data transfer process

Answer(s): A,B

Explanation:

The delta merge process in SAP BW/4HANA is a critical operation that ensures the efficient management of data in column-store tables. It consolidates delta records (new or changed data) into the main store, optimizing query performance and reducing memory usage. This process is particularly important for real-time data replication scenarios and near-real-time reporting.
Correct Answers:
By using a specific process type in a process chain (Option A):
In SAP BW/4HANA, process chains are used to automate workflows, including data loads, transformations, and administrative tasks. To initiate the delta merge process, you can include a specific process type in the process chain:
Process Type: "Execute Delta Merge"
This process type triggers the delta merge operation for the specified Advanced DataStore Object (ADSO) or other relevant objects. By incorporating this step into a process chain, you ensure that the delta merge is executed automatically as part of your data processing workflow. By using the SAP BW/4HANA data load monitor (Option B):
The SAP BW/4HANA data load monitor provides a user-friendly interface to monitor and manage data loads. After loading data into an ADSO or other data targets, you can manually trigger the delta merge process directly from the data load monitor. This is particularly useful for ad-hoc executions or troubleshooting scenarios where immediate consolidation of delta records is required.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
By setting a specific flag in the transformation (Option C):
Transformations in SAP BW/4HANA are used to map and transform source data into target structures.
While transformations play a crucial role in data integration, they do not have a mechanism to trigger the delta merge process. The delta merge is a database-level operation and is not controlled by transformation settings.

By setting a specific flag in the data transfer process (Option D):
Data Transfer Processes (DTPs) are used to move data between source and target objects in SAP BW/4HANA. While DTPs can be configured to handle delta loads, they do not include a flag or option to initiate the delta merge process. The delta merge must be triggered separately after the data load is complete.
Key Points About Delta Merge:
Automatic vs. Manual Execution:
In some cases, the delta merge process can be triggered automatically by the system (e.g., after a certain volume of delta records is reached). However, for better control and optimization, it is often initiated manually or via process chains.
Performance Impact:
Delaying the delta merge can lead to increased memory usage and slower query performance, as queries need to read both the main store and delta store. Regularly executing the delta merge ensures optimal performance.
Reference to SAP Data Engineer - Data Fabric:
SAP BW/4HANA Administration Guide:
This guide explains the importance of the delta merge process and how to manage it effectively in SAP BW/4HANA environments.
Link: SAP BW/4HANA Documentation
SAP Note 2578930 - Best Practices for Delta Merge in SAP BW/4HANA:
This note provides detailed recommendations for configuring and executing the delta merge process, including the use of process chains and the data load monitor. By leveraging process chains and the data load monitor , you can ensure that the delta merge process is executed efficiently, maintaining high performance and data consistency in your SAP BW/4HANA system.



Which SAP BW/4HANA objects support the feature of generating an external SAP HANA View?
Note:
There are 2 correct answers to this question.

  1. BW query
  2. Open ODS view
  3. Composite Provider
  4. Semantic group object

Answer(s): A,B

Explanation:

In SAP BW/4HANA, certain objects support the generation of external SAP HANA views, enabling seamless integration with SAP HANA's in-memory capabilities and allowing consumption by other tools or applications outside of SAP BW/4HANA. Below is an explanation of the correct answers:

A . BW query
A BW query in SAP BW/4HANA can generate an external SAP HANA view. This feature allows the query to be exposed as a calculation view in SAP HANA, making it accessible for reporting tools like SAP Analytics Cloud (SAC), SAP BusinessObjects, or custom applications. By generating an external

HANA view, the BW query leverages SAP HANA's performance optimization while maintaining the analytical capabilities of SAP BW/4HANA.



Which are purposes of the Open Operational Data Store layer in the layered scalable architecture (LSA++) of SAP BW/4HANA?
Note: There are 2 correct answers to this question.

  1. Harmonization of data from several source systems
  2. Transformations of data based on business logic
  3. Initial staging of source system data
  4. Real-time reporting on source system data without staging

Answer(s): A,C

Explanation:

The Open Operational Data Store (ODS) layer in the Layered Scalable Architecture (LSA++) of SAP BW/4HANA plays a critical role in managing and processing data as part of the overall data warehousing architecture. The Open ODS layer is designed to handle operational and near-real-time data requirements while maintaining flexibility and performance. Below is an explanation of the purposes of this layer and why the correct answers are A and C .

Correct Answers and
A . Harmonization of data from several source systems
The Open ODS layer is often used to harmonize data from multiple source systems. This involves consolidating and standardizing data from different sources into a unified format. For example, if you have sales data coming from different ERP systems with varying structures or naming conventions, the Open ODS layer can be used to align these differences before the data is further processed or consumed for reporting.



Which layer of the layered scalable architecture (LSA++) of SAP BW/4HANA is designed as the main storage for harmonized consistent data?

  1. Open Operational Data Store layer
  2. Data Acquisition layer
  3. Flexible Enterprise Data Warehouse Core layer
  4. Virtual Data Mart layer

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

The Layered Scalable Architecture (LSA++) of SAP BW/4HANA is a modern data warehousing architecture designed to simplify and optimize the data modeling process. It provides a structured approach to organizing data layers, ensuring scalability, flexibility, and consistency in data management. Each layer in the LSA++ architecture serves a specific purpose, and understanding these layers is critical for designing an efficient SAP BW/4HANA system.
Key Concepts:
LSA++ Overview :
The LSA++ architecture replaces the traditional Layered Scalable Architecture (LSA) with a more streamlined and flexible design. It reduces complexity by eliminating unnecessary layers and focusing on core functionalities. The main layers in LSA++ include:
Data Acquisition Layer : Handles raw data extraction and staging. Open Operational Data Store (ODS) Layer : Provides operational reporting and real-time analytics. Flexible Enterprise Data Warehouse (EDW) Core Layer : Acts as the central storage for harmonized and consistent data.
Virtual Data Mart Layer : Enables virtual access to external data sources without physically storing the data.
Flexible EDW Core Layer :
The Flexible EDW Core layer is the heart of the LSA++ architecture. It is designed to store harmonized, consistent, and reusable data that serves as the foundation for reporting, analytics, and downstream data marts. This layer ensures data quality, consistency, and alignment with business rules, making it the primary storage for enterprise-wide data.

Other Layers :
Data Acquisition Layer : Focuses on extracting and loading raw data from source systems into the staging area. It does not store harmonized or consistent data. Open ODS Layer : Provides operational reporting capabilities and supports real-time analytics. However, it is not the main storage for harmonized data. Virtual Data Mart Layer : Enables virtual access to external data sources, such as SAP HANA views or third-party systems. It does not store data physically.
Verified Answer
Option A: Open Operational Data Store layer
This option is incorrect because the Open ODS layer is primarily used for operational reporting and real-time analytics.
While it stores data, it is not the main storage for harmonized and consistent data.
Option B: Data Acquisition layer
This option is incorrect because the Data Acquisition layer is responsible for extracting and staging raw data from source systems. It does not store harmonized or consistent data. Option C: Flexible Enterprise Data Warehouse Core layer This option is correct because the Flexible EDW Core layer is specifically designed as the main storage for harmonized, consistent, and reusable data. It ensures data quality and alignment with business rules, making it the central repository for enterprise-wide analytics.
Option D: Virtual Data Mart layer
This option is incorrect because the Virtual Data Mart layer provides virtual access to external data sources. It does not store data physically and is not the main storage for harmonized data.

SAP Documentation and Reference:
SAP BW/4HANA Modeling Guide : The official documentation highlights the role of the Flexible EDW Core layer as the central storage for harmonized and consistent data. It emphasizes the importance of this layer in ensuring data quality and reusability. SAP Note 2700850 : This note explains the LSA++ architecture and its layers, providing detailed insights into the purpose and functionality of each layer. SAP Best Practices for BW/4HANA : SAP recommends using the Flexible EDW Core layer as the foundation for building enterprise-wide data models. It ensures scalability, flexibility, and consistency in data management.
Practical Implications:
When designing an SAP BW/4HANA system, it is essential to:
Use the Flexible EDW Core layer as the central repository for harmonized and consistent data. Leverage the Open ODS layer for operational reporting and real-time analytics. Utilize the Virtual Data Mart layer for accessing external data sources without physical storage. By adhering to these principles, you can ensure that your data architecture is aligned with best practices and optimized for performance and scalability.


Reference:

SAP BW/4HANA Modeling Guide
SAP Note 2700850: LSA++ Architecture and Layers
SAP Best Practices for BW/4HANA



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