In the context of Biometric authentication, what is a quick way to compare the accuracy of devices. In general, the device that have the lowest value would be the most accurate. Which of the following would be used to compare accuracy of devices?
Answer(s): A
equal error rate or crossover error rate (EER or CER): the rate at which both accept and reject errors are equal. The value of the EER can be easily obtained from the ROC curve. The EER is a quick way to compare the accuracy of devices with different ROC curves. In general, the device with the lowest EER is most accurate.In the context of Biometric Authentication almost all types of detection permit a system's sensitivity to be increased or decreased during an inspection process. If the system's sensitivity is increased, such as in an airport metal detector, the system becomes increasingly selective and has a higher False Reject Rate (FRR).Conversely, if the sensitivity is decreased, the False Acceptance Rate (FAR) will increase. Thus, to have a valid measure of the system performance, the CrossOver Error Rate (CER) is used.The following are used as performance metrics for biometric systems:false accept rate or false match rate (FAR or FMR): the probability that the system incorrectly matches the input pattern to a non-matching template in the database. It measures the percent of invalid inputs which are incorrectly accepted. In case of similarity scale, if the person is imposter in real, but the matching score is higher than the threshold, then he is treated as genuine that increase the FAR and hence performance also depends upon the selection of threshold value.false reject rate or false non-match rate (FRR or FNMR): the probability that the system fails to detect a match between the input pattern and a matching template in the database. It measures the percent of valid inputs which are incorrectly rejected.failure to enroll rate (FTE or FER): the rate at which attempts to create a template from an input is unsuccessful. This is most commonly caused by low quality inputs.failure to capture rate (FTC): Within automatic systems, the probability that the system fails to detect a biometric input when presented correctly.template capacity: the maximum number of sets of data which can be stored in the system.
KRUTZ, Ronald L. & VINES, Russel D., The CISSP Prep Guide: Mastering the Ten Domains of Computer Security, 2001, John Wiley & Sons, Page 37.andWikipedia at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biometrics
Because all the secret keys are held and authentication is performed on the Kerberos TGS and the authentication servers, these servers are vulnerable to:
Answer(s): C
Since all the secret keys are held and authentication is performed on the Kerberos TGS and the authentication servers, these servers are vulnerable to both physical attacks and attacks from malicious code.Because a client's password is used in the initiation of the Kerberos request for the service protocol, password guessing can be used to impersonate a client.
KRUTZ, Ronald L. & VINES, Russel D., The CISSP Prep Guide: Mastering the Ten Domains of Computer Security, 2001, John Wiley & Sons, Page 42.
The throughput rate is the rate at which individuals, once enrolled, can be processed and identified or authenticated by a biometric system. Acceptable throughput rates are in the range of:
The throughput rate is the rate at which individuals, once enrolled, can be processed and identified or authenticated by a biometric system.Acceptable throughput rates are in the range of 10 subjects per minute.Things that may impact the throughput rate for some types of biometric systems may include:A concern with retina scanning systems may be the exchange of body fluids on the eyepiece.Another concern would be the retinal pattern that could reveal changes in a person's health, such as diabetes or high blood pressure.
KRUTZ, Ronald L. & VINES, Russel D., The CISSP Prep Guide: Mastering the Ten Domains of Computer Security, 2001, John Wiley & Sons, Page 38.
In addition to the accuracy of the biometric systems, there are other factors that must also be considered:
In addition to the accuracy of the biometric systems, there are other factors that must also be considered.These factors include the enrollment time, the throughput rate, and acceptability.Enrollment time is the time it takes to initially "register" with a system by providing samples of the biometric characteristic to be evaluated. An acceptable enrollment time is around two minutes.For example, in fingerprint systems, the actual fingerprint is stored and requires approximately 250kb per finger for a high quality image. This level of information is required for one-to-many searches in forensics applications on very large databases.In finger-scan technology, a full fingerprint is not stored-the features extracted from this fingerprint are stored using a small template that requires approximately 500 to 1000 bytes of storage. The original fingerprint cannot be reconstructed from this template.Updates of the enrollment information may be required because some biometric characteristics, such as voice and signature, may change with time.
KRUTZ, Ronald L. & VINES, Russel D., The CISSP Prep Guide: Mastering the Ten Domains of Computer Security, 2001, John Wiley & Sons, Page 37 & 38.
Which of the following biometric devices has the lowest user acceptance level?
According to the cited reference, of the given options, the Retina scan has the lowest user acceptance level as it is needed for the user to get his eye close to a device and it is not user friendly and very intrusive.However, retina scan is the most precise with about one error per 10 millions usage.Look at the 2 tables below. If necessary right click on the image and save it on your desktop for a larger view or visit the web site directly athttps://sites.google.com/site/biometricsecuritysolutions/crossover-accuracy .Biometric Comparison ChartBiometric Aspect Descriptions
RHODES, Keith A., Chief Technologist, United States General Accounting Office, National Preparedness, Technologies to Secure Federal Buildings, April 2002 (page 10).andhttps://sites.google.com/site/biometricsecuritysolutions/crossover-accuracy
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