IT Risk Fundamentals Exam Questions and Answers

QUESTION: 1

Which of the following is considered an exploit event?

An attacker takes advantage of a vulnerability
Any event that is verified as a security breach
The actual occurrence of an adverse event

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

An exploit event occurs when an attacker exploits a vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to or compromise a system. This is a fundamental term in IT security. When an attacker detects and exploits a known or unknown vulnerability in a software, hardware, or network protocol, it is called an exploit.
Definition and Meaning:
An exploit is a method or technique used to exploit vulnerabilities in a system.

Sequence of an exploit event:
Vulnerability identification: The attacker discovers a vulnerability in a system. Evolution of the exploit: The attacker develops or uses an existing tool to exploit the vulnerability.

or cause damage.

Reference:

ISA 315: General IT controls and the need to identify and address risks from IT deployment.

underlines the need for controls to identify and assess vulnerabilities.

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QUESTION: 2

Potential losses resulting from employee errors and system failures are examples of:

operational risk.
market risk.
strategic risk.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Operational risks include losses caused by inadequate or failed internal processes, people, and systems, or by external events. Employee error

Definition and categories of risks:
Operational Risk: Concerns losses due to internal processes or human error.
Market Risk: Losses due to market fluctuations.
Strategic risk: Losses due to bad management decisions or strategic planning errors.

Employee error: Incorrect data entry, non-observance of work processes.

Reference:

ISA 315: Operational risks and how they are identified and managed within the IT environment. ISO 27001: Information security management systems that include measures for mitigating operational risks.

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QUESTION: 3

Which of the following would be considered a cyber-risk?

A system that does not meet the needs of users
A change in security technology
Unauthorized use of information

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Cyber risks relate to threats and vulnerabilities in IT systems that are exposed by unauthorized

information.
Definition and examples:
Cyber Risk: Risks related to cyber attacks, data loss, and information theft.

Gain access to confidential data.

Access controls: Authentication and authorization to prevent unauthorized access.

Reference:

ISA 315: Importance of IT controls in preventing unauthorized access and use of information.

ISO 27001: Framework for managing information security risks, including unauthorized access.

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QUESTION: 4

Which of the following is the BEST way to interpret enterprise standards?

A means of implementing policy
An approved code of practice
Q Documented high-level principles

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Corporate standards serve as a means of implementing policies. They establish specific requirements and procedures that ensure that company policies are adhered to.
Definition and meaning of standards:
Enterprise Standards: Documented, detailed instructions that guide policy enforcement.

Implementation of guidelines: Standards help to translate the abstract guidelines into concrete,

Examples and application:
IT security standards: Define specific security requirements that are required to comply with the

Compliance standards: Ensure that legal and regulatory requirements are met.

Reference:

ISA 315: Role of IT controls and standards in implementing organizational policies. ISO 27001: Establishing standards for information security management to support policy implementation.

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QUESTION: 5

Which of the following is the MAIN objective of governance?

Creating controls throughout the entire organization
Creating risk awareness at all levels of the organization
Creating value through investments for the organization

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Governance is primarily concerned with ensuring that an organization achieves its objectives, operates efficiently, and adds value to its stakeholders. The main objective of governance is to create value through investments for the organization. This encompasses making strategic decisions that align with the organization's goals, ensuring that resources are used effectively, and that the organization's activities are sustainable and provide long-term benefits.
While creating controls and risk awareness are essential aspects of governance, they serve the broader goal of value creation through strategic investments. This concept is aligned with principles found in corporate governance frameworks and standards such as ISO/IEC 38500 and COBIT (Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies).

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ISACA IT Risk Fundamentals Exam (page: 1)
ISACA IT Risk Fundamentals
Updated on: 12-Feb-2026

Access free IT Risk Fundamentals actual exam questions, answers, explanations and user discussions.

QUESTION: 1

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QUESTION: 5

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ISACA IT Risk Fundamentals Exam (page: 1) ISACA IT Risk Fundamentals Updated on: 12-Feb-2026

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QUESTION: 1

Explanation:

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QUESTION: 3

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QUESTION: 4

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QUESTION: 5

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ISACA IT Risk Fundamentals Exam (page: 1)
ISACA IT Risk Fundamentals
Updated on: 12-Feb-2026