Which one-of the following best describes tactical profit plans?
Answer(s): C
A tactical profit plan, also called a budget, must be detailed enough that middle managers know exactly what cost and revenue targets they are responsible for. Tactical plans necessarily focus on the short term, and they must detail responsibilities at all levels of the organization. Lastly, they must be quantitative so that managers know exactly what their goals are.
The following data pertain to a 4-year project being considered by Metro Industries: · A depreciable as set that costs $1, 200,000 will be acquired on January 1 . The asset, which is expected to have a $200,000 salvage value at the end of 4 years, qualifies as 3- year property' under the Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACPS). · The new asset will replace an existing asset that has a tax basis of $150,000 and can be sold on the same January 1 for $180,000.· The project is expected to provide added annual sales of 30,000 units at $20. Additional cash operating costs are: variable, $12 per unit fixed, $90,000 per year. · A $50,000 working capital investment that is fully recoverable at the end of the fourth year is required.Metro is subject to a 40% income tax rate and rounds all computations to the nearest dollar. Assume that any gain or loss affects the taxes paid at the end of the year in which it occurred. The company uses the net present value method to analyze investments and will employ the following factors and rates.The discounted cash flow for the fourth year MACPS depreciation on the new asset is
Tax law allows taxpayers to ignore salvage value when calculating depreciation under MACPS. Thus1 the depreciation deduction is 7% of the initial $1 .200000 cost, or $84,000. Ata4O% tax rate, the deduction will save the company $33,600 in taxes in the fourth year. The present value of this savings is $21,504 ($33,600 x 0.64 present value of $1 at 12% for four periods).
The following data pertain to a 4-year project being considered by Metro Industries:· A depreciable asset that costs $1 .200.000 will be acquired on January 1. The asset, which is expected to have a $200,000 salvage value at the end of 4 years, qualifies as 3- year property under the Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACPS). · The new asset will replace an existing asset that has a tax basis of $150,000 and can be sold on the same January 1 for $180,000.· The project is expected to provide added annual sales of 30,000 units at $20. Additional cash operating costs are: variable, $12 per unit fixed, $90,000 per year. · A $50,000 working capital investment that is fully recoverable at the end of the fourth year is required.Metro is subject to a 40% income tax rate and rounds all computations to the nearest dollar. Assume that any gain or loss affects the taxes paid at the end of the year in which it occurred. The company uses the net present value method to analwe investments and will employ the following factors and rates.The discounted, net-of-tax amount that relates to disposal of the existing asset is
Answer(s): B
The cash in flow from the existing asset is $180,000, but that amount is subject to tax on the $30,000 gain ($180,000-- $150,000 tax basis). The tax on the gain is $12,000 ($30,000 x 40%). Because the tax will not be paid until year-end1 the discounted value is $10,680 ($12,000 x .89 PV of $1 at 12% for one period). Thus, the net-of-tax inflow is $169,320 ($180,000--$10,680). NOTE: This as set was probably a Section 1231 asset, and any gain on sale qualifies for the special capital gain tax rates. Had the problem not stipulated a 40% tax rate, the capital gains rate would be used. An answer based on that rate is not among the options.
The following data pertain to a 4-year project being considered by Metro Industries:· A depreciable asset that costs $1,200,000 will be acquired on January 1 . The asset, which is expected to have a $200,000 salvage value at the end of 4 years, qualifies as 3- year property under the Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACPS). · The new asset will replace an existing asset that has a tax basis of $150,000 and can be sold on the same January 1 for $180,000.· The project is expected to provide added annual sales of 30,000 units at $20. Additional cash operating costs are: variable, $12 per unit fixed, $90,000 per year. · A $50,000 working capital investment that is fully recoverable at the end of the fourth year is required.Metro is subject to a 40% income tax rate and rounds all computations to the nearest dollar. Assume that any gain or loss affects the taxes paid at the end of the year in which it occurred. The company uses the net present value method to analyze investments and will employ the following factors and rates.The expected incremental sales will provide a discounted, net-of-tax contribution margin over 4 years of
Answer(s): D
Additional annual sales are 30,000 units at $20 per unit. If variable costs are expected to be $12 per unit, the unit contribution margin is $8, and the total before-tax annual contribution margin is $240,000 (30,000 units x $8). The after-tax total annual contribution margin is $144,000 [$240,000 x (1 .0-- 4)]. This annual increase in the contribution margin should be treated as an annuity. Thus, its present value is $437,760 ($144,000 x 3.04 PV of an annuity of $1 at 12% for four periods).
The following data pertain to a 4-year project being considered by Metro Industries:· A depreciable asset that costs $1 .200.000 will be acquired on January 1. The asset, which is expected to have a $200,000 salvage value at the end of 4 years, qualifies as 3- year property under the Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACPS). · The new asset will replace an existing asset that has a tax basis of $150,000 and can be sold on the same January 1 for $180,000.· The project is expected to provide added annual sales of 30,000 units at $20. Additional cash operating costs are: variable, $12 per unit fixed, $90,000 per year. · A $50,000 working capital investment that is fully recoverable at the end of the fourth year is required.Metro is subject to a 40% income tax rate and rounds all computations to the nearest dollar. Assume that any gain or loss affects the taxes paid at the end of the year in which it occurred. The company uses the net present value method to analyze investments and will employ the following factors and rates.4. The overall discounted-cash-flow impact of the working capital investment on Metro's project is
The working capital investment is treated as a $50,000 outflow at the beginning of the project and a $50,000 inflow at the end of 4 years. Accordingly, the present value of the inflow after 4 years should be subtracted from the initial $50,000 outlay. The overall discounted-cash4low impact of the working capital investment is $18,000 [$50,000-- ($50,000 x .64 PV of $1 at 12% for four periods)].
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