312-39v2 Exam Questions and Answers

QUESTION: 1

A SIEM alert is triggered due to unusual network traffic involving NetBIOS. The System log shows that "The TCP/IP NetBIOS Helper service entered the running state". Concurrently, Event Code 4624: "An account was successfully logged on" appears for multiple machines within a short time frame. The logon type is identified as 3 (Network logon).
Which of the following security incidents is the SIEM detecting?

A user connecting to shared files from multiple workstations
A malware infection spreading via SMB protocol
A network administrator conducting routine maintenance
An attacker performing lateral movement within the network

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

The SIEM is detecting multiple successful network logons (Type 3) across different machines in a short time frame, along with unusual NetBIOS traffic. This pattern is indicative of lateral movement, where an attacker is attempting to move across systems in the network using legitimate authentication protocols. The combination of NetBIOS/SMB activity and rapid logons is a strong sign of an attacker moving laterally rather than normal user activity.

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QUESTION: 2

A manufacturing company is deploying a SIEM system and wants to improve both its security monitoring and regulatory compliance capabilities. During the planning phase, the team decides to use an output-driven approach, starting with use cases that address unauthorized access to production control systems. They configure data sources and alert specific to this use case, ensuring they receive actionable alerts without excessive false positives. After validating its success, they move on to use cases related to supply chain disruptions and malware detection.
Which of the following best describes the primary advantage of using an output-driven approach in SIEM deployment?

The company can collect logs from non-critical systems.
The SOC team can respond to all incidents in real time without delays.
The SIEM system can automatically block all unauthorized access attempts.
The company can create more complex use cases with greater scope.

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

An output-driven SIEM deployment focuses on defining use cases and desired outcomes first, then configuring data sources and alerts to achieve those outcomes. This approach allows the company to incrementally create more complex and broader use cases over time, ensuring that the SIEM delivers actionable insights while minimizing false positives. It emphasizes effectiveness and scalability in monitoring and compliance.

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QUESTION: 3

An attacker attempts to gain unauthorized access to a secure network by repeatedly guessing login credentials. The SIEM is configured to generate an alert after detecting 10 consecutive failed login attempts within a short timeframe. However, the attacker successfully logs in on the 9th attempt, just before the threshold is reached, bypassing the alert mechanism. Security teams only become aware of the incident after detecting suspicious activity post-login, highlighting a gap in the SIEM's detection rules.
What type of alert classification does this represent?

True Positive
False Positive
False Negative
True Negative

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

A false negative occurs when a security system fails to detect a real threat. In this scenario, the attacker successfully logged in before the SIEM threshold was reached, so the SIEM did not trigger an alert at the time of the malicious activity. The incident was real, but the detection mechanism failed, making this a false negative.

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QUESTION: 4

Daniel Clark, a cybersecurity specialist working in the Cloud SOC for a government agency, is responsible for ensuring secure access to cloud applications while maintaining compliance with regulatory frameworks. His team needs a security solution that can enforce access policies to prevent unauthorized access to cloud based applications, monitor and restrict data sharing within SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS environments, ensure compliance with government regulations for data security and privacy, and apply security controls to prevent sensitive data exposure in the cloud. To achieve these objectives, the team has implemented a security technology that governs control over cloud resources, applies security policies, and protects sensitive cloud-stored data.
Which Cloud SOC technology is Daniel's team using?

Cloud Security Posture Management
Cloud-native anomaly detection
Cloud Workload Protection Platform
Cloud Access Security Broker

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

A Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB) is a security solution that sits between users and cloud services to enforce access policies, monitor and control data sharing, ensure regulatory compliance, and protect sensitive data in SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS environments. It provides visibility, governance, and security controls over cloud usage, matching the objectives described.

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QUESTION: 5

A mid-sized healthcare organization is facing frequent phishing and ransomware attacks. They lack an internal SOC and want proactive threat detection and response capabilities. Compliance with HIPAA regulations is essential. The organization seeks a solution that includes both monitoring and rapid response to incidents.
Which service best meets their needs?

MSSP with 24/7 log monitoring and incident escalation
Self-hosted SIEM with in-house SOC analysts
MDR with proactive threat hunting and incident containment
Cloud-based SIEM with MSSP-Managed services

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Managed Detection and Response (MDR) provides proactive threat detection, continuous monitoring, threat hunting, and rapid incident response. For a healthcare organization without an internal SOC, MDR ensures timely containment of threats like phishing and ransomware while supporting compliance requirements such as HIPAA, making it the most suitable solution.

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QUESTION: 6

A Security Operations Center (SOC) analyst receives a high-priority alert indicating unusual user activity. An employee account is attempting to access company resources from a different country and outside of their normal working hours. This behavior raises concerns about potential account compromise or unauthorized access to automate the initial response and quickly restrict access while further investigating the incident, which SOAR Playbook would be relevant to adapt and implement?

Deprovisioning Users SOAR Playbook
Phishing Investigations SOAR Playbook
Alert Enrichment SOAR Playbook
Malware Containment SOAR Playbook

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

The Deprovisioning Users SOAR Playbook is designed to automatically respond to suspicious account activity, such as unusual logins or potential account compromise. It can restrict or disable access quickly while initiating further investigation, making it the appropriate playbook for this scenario.

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QUESTION: 7

A government agency responsible for protecting sensitive information needs to monitor its network for unusual data exfiltration attempts. Since traditional log data alone is insufficient to identify suspicious traffic patterns, the SIEM team decides to integrate traffic flow data into their system. This data will help detect anomalies, such as large data transfers to unauthorized destinations or unexpected traffic spikes. The team must choose the appropriate protocol to collect IP traffic information from network devices like routers and switches.
Which protocol should be used to collect this data?

Syslog
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
IPFIX (IP Flow Information Export)
Net Flow (RFC 3954)

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

IPFIX (IP Flow Information Export) is a protocol designed to collect and export IP traffic flow information from network devices. It provides detailed traffic data that SIEM systems can use to detect anomalies such as unusual data exfiltration, large transfers, or unexpected traffic patterns, making it suitable for monitoring sensitive government networks.

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QUESTION: 8

SecureTech Solutions, a managed security service provider (MSSP), is optimizing its log management architecture to enhance log storage, retrieval, and analysis efficiency. The SOC team needs to ensure that security logs are stored in a structured or semi-structured format, allowing for easy parsing, querying, and correlation of security events. To achieve this, they decide to implement a log storage format that organizes data in a text file in tabular structure, ensuring each log entry is stored in rows and columns. Additionally, they require a format that supports easy export to databases or spreadsheet-based analysis while maintaining readability.
Which log format should the SOC team choose to store logs in a structured or semi structured format for efficient analysis?

Syslog Format
Cloud Storage
Comma-Separated Values (CSV) Format
Database

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Comma-Separated Values (CSV) format organizes log data in a tabular structure with rows and columns, making it both human-readable and easy to parse, query, or export to databases and spreadsheets. This structured format supports efficient analysis and correlation of security events, aligning with the SOC team's requirements.

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EC-Council 312-39v2 Exam (page: 1)
EC-Council Certified SOC Analyst (CSA) v2
Updated on: 06-Dec-2025

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EC-Council 312-39v2 Exam (page: 1) EC-Council Certified SOC Analyst (CSA) v2 Updated on: 06-Dec-2025

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EC-Council 312-39v2 Exam (page: 1)
EC-Council Certified SOC Analyst (CSA) v2
Updated on: 06-Dec-2025