Which of the following key features is used by TCP in order to regulate the amount of data sent by a host to another host on the network?
Answer(s): D
Flow control is the process of regulating the amount of data sent by a host to another host on the network. The flow control mechanism controls packet flow so that a sender does not transmit more packets than a receiver can process. TCP uses a sliding window flow control protocol. In each TCP segment, the receiver specifies in the receive window field the amount of additional received data (in bytes) that it is willing to buffer for the connection. The sending host can send only up to that amount of data before it must wait for an acknowledgment and window update from the receiving host.Answer option A is incorrect. TCP uses a sequence number for identifying each byte of data.Answer option B is incorrect. TCP timestamp helps TCP to compute the round-trip time between the sender and receiver.Answer option C is incorrect. Congestion control concerns controlling traffic entry into a telecommunications network, so as to avoid congestive collapse by attempting to avoid oversubscription of any of the processing or link capabilities of the intermediate nodes and networks and taking resource reducing steps, such as reducing the rate of sending packets. It should not be confused with flow control, which prevents the sender from overwhelming the receiver.
Which of the following representatives in the incident response process are included in the incident response team? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
Answer(s): A,B,C,D,E
Incident response is a process that detects a problem, determines the cause of an issue, minimizes the damages, resolves the problem, and documents each step of process for future reference. To perform all these roles, an incident response team is needed. The incident response team includes the following representatives who are involved in the incident response process:Lead investigator: The lead investigator is the manager of an incident response team. He is always involved in the creation of an incident response plan. The duties of a lead investigator are as follows: Keep the management updated. Ensure that the incident response moves smoothly and efficiently. Interview and interrogate the suspects and witnesses.Information security representative: The information security representative is a member of the incident response team who alerts the team about possible security safeguards that can impact their ability to respond to an incident.Legal representative: The legal representative is a member of the incident response team who ensures that the process follows all the laws during the response to an incident.Technical representative: Technical representative is a representative of the incident response team. More than one technician can be deployed to an incident. The duties of a technical representative are as follows: Perform forensic backups of the systems that are involved in an incident. Provide more information about the configuration of the network or system.Human resources: Human resources personnel ensure that the policies of the organization are enforced during the incident response process. They suspend access to a suspect if it is needed. Human resources personnel are closely related with the legal representatives and cover up the organization's legal responsibility.
Which of the following is a device that provides local communication between the datalogger and a computer?
A short haul modem is a device that provides local communication between the datalogger and a computer with an RS-232 serial port. It transmits data up to 6.5 miles over a four-wire unconditioned line (two twisted pairs).Answer option B is incorrect. An optical modem is a device that is used for converting a computer's electronic signals into optical signals for transmission over optical fiber. It also converts optical signals from an optical fiber cable back into electronic signals. It provides higher data transmission rates because it uses extremely high capacity of the optical fiber cable for transmitting data.Answer option C is incorrect. An acoustic modem provides wireless communication under water. The optimum performance of a wireless acoustic modem system depends upon the speed of sound, water depth, existence of thermocline zones, ambient noise, and seasonal change.Answer option A is incorrect. A controllerless modem is a hardware-based modem that does not have the physical communications port controller circuitry. It is also known as WinModem or software modem. A controllerless modem is very inexpensive and can easily be upgraded with new software.
Which of the following plans is documented and organized for emergency response, backup operations, and recovery maintained by an activity as part of its security program that will ensure the availability of critical resources and facilitates the continuity of operations in an emergency situation?
Answer(s): A
Contingency plan is prepared and documented for emergency response, backup operations, and recovery maintained by an activity as the element of its security program that will ensure the availability of critical resources and facilitates the continuity of operations in an emergency situation.A contingency plan is a plan devised for a specific situation when things could go wrong. Contingency plans are often devised by governments or businesses who want to be prepared for anything that could happen.Contingency plans include specific strategies and actions to deal with specific variances to assumptions resulting in a particular problem, emergency, or state of affairs. They also include a monitoring process and "triggers" for initiating planned actions. They are required to help governments, businesses, or individuals to recover from serious incidents in the minimum time with minimum cost and disruption.Answer option B is incorrect. A disaster recovery plan should contain data, hardware, and software that can be critical for a business. It should also include the plan for sudden loss such as hard disc crash. The business should use backup and data recovery utilities to limit the loss of data.Answer option D is incorrect. The Continuity Of Operation Plan (COOP) refers to the preparations and institutions maintained by the United States government, providing survival of federal government operations in the case of catastrophic events. It provides procedures and capabilities to sustain an organization's essential. COOP is the procedure documented to ensure persistent critical operations throughout any period where normal operations are unattainable.Answer option C is incorrect. Business Continuity Planning (BCP) is the creation and validation of a practiced logistical plan for how an organization will recover and restore partially or completely interrupted critical (urgent) functions within a predetermined time after a disaster or extended disruption. The logistical plan is called a business continuity plan.
FILL BLANKFill in the blank with the appropriate term. __________________ is the use of sensitive words in e-mails to jam the authorities that listen in on them by providing a form of a red herring and an intentional annoyance.
Email jamming is the use of sensitive words in e-mails to jam the authorities that listen in on them by providing a form of a red herring and an intentional annoyance. In this attack, an attacker deliberately includes "sensitive" words and phrases in otherwise innocuous emails to ensure that these are picked up by the monitoring systems. As a result the senders of these emails will eventually be added to a "harmless" list and their emails will be no longer intercepted, hence it will allow them to regain some privacy.
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